{"id":53092,"date":"2024-05-26T20:00:24","date_gmt":"2024-05-26T17:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/imgazete.com.tr\/ekonomi-haberleri\/?p=53092"},"modified":"2024-05-26T20:00:24","modified_gmt":"2024-05-26T17:00:24","slug":"turnalar-yogurt-muzesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/kultur\/turnalar-yogurt-muzesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Turnalar Yo\u011furt M\u00fczesi"},"content":{"rendered":"


\nYo\u011furt M\u00fczesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Yalova\u2019ya ilk geldi\u011fimde o\u011flum Kocaeli\u2019nde k\u0131sa d\u00f6nem askerdi
\nO\u011flum Kumandan\u0131na benim Yalova\u2019ya yerle\u015fti\u011fimi ,onu g\u00f6rmeye gidece\u011fimi s\u00f6ylemi\u015f
\nKumandan\u0131 da \u201c annenden bana TURNALAR<\/strong> yo\u011furdu getirmesini rica edece\u011fim\u201d demi\u015f.
\nDaha yeni gelmi\u015fim o\u011flumu g\u00f6rmeye gidece\u011fim kumandan benden yo\u011furt istiyor.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcn bu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f bana bu an\u0131m\u0131n ,g\u00f6rerek duyarak ne kadar k\u0131ymetli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi ve an\u0131msatt\u0131.
\nKonusunda D\u00fcnya\u2019da ikinci M\u00fcze ve de Yalova\u2019da.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Avukat \u0130rem T\u00dcNAY<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud83c\uddf9\ud83c\uddf7\ud83d\udc90<\/p>\n

Yalova<\/b>m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7ok de\u011ferli 68 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 avukat\u0131 say\u0131n \u0130rem T\u00dcNAY<\/strong> hocam, bana, \u00e7ok de\u011ferli Semahat \u00d6\u00c7AL<\/strong> ablam ve rahmetli Zeki \u00d6\u00c7AL<\/strong> a\u011fabeyimin yadigar\u0131d\u0131r diyerek ba\u015flamak istiyorum anlatmaya. Sayelerinde sosyal medyadan tan\u0131d\u0131m.
\nNeredeyse 8 y\u0131l olmu\u015f olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131mda, Lanzarote S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda resmi gazetede yay\u0131nlanarak uygulamaya girdi\u011fini beni etiketlemek suretiyle, m\u00fcjde niteli\u011finde haber veren Yalova m\u0131z\u0131n hukuk m\u00fccadelesinde \u00e7ok de\u011ferli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olmu\u015f hukuk ailesinin annesi konumundad\u0131r bence.
\nBilim K\u00fclt\u00fcr habercili\u011fi anlam\u0131nda ise, Turnalar Yo\u011furt M\u00fczesi<\/strong> haberini sayesinde fark ettim.
\n\u00c7ok te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederek, bir daha hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m yo\u011furt k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve burada kals\u0131n yeniden, te\u015fekk\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk kez Orta Asya T\u00fcrkleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ve y\u00fczy\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan yo\u011furt, di\u011fer dillerde de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019deki gibi \u201cyo\u011furt\u201d olarak isimlendiriliyor.<\/strong>
\nS\u00fct\u00fcn mayaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile elde edilen yo\u011furt, beslenmemizde de \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip.<\/div>\n

\n

Bir\u00e7ok tarih\u00e7i, mayaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ( yo\u011furt, kefir, peynir vb.) kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak Orta Asya\u2019da ya\u015fayan g\u00f6\u00e7ebe topluluklar\u0131 i\u015faret etmektedir. Yap\u0131lan tarihi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar g\u00f6steriyor ki Orta Asya\u2019daki bu g\u00f6\u00e7ebe toplumlar, neolitik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda s\u00fct\u00fcn sa\u011f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeleriyle birlikte yo\u011furt yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmi\u015flerdir. Yaz\u0131n hava s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n 40\u00b0C\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Orta Asya topraklar\u0131nda hayvanlardan sa\u011f\u0131lan s\u00fct\u00fcn bir s\u00fcre sonra ek\u015fiyip kat\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kat\u0131la\u015farak s\u00fctten d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen bu yeni besin maddesinin p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz kat\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131 zaman i\u00e7erisinde yo\u011furt olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kalan suyu s\u00fcz\u00fclerek peynire d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Yo\u011furt kelimesinin yo\u011furmaktan geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen tarihi kaynaklar, \u00f6nceleri kendili\u011finden olu\u015fan ek\u015fimsi s\u00fct\u00fcn faydas\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla yo\u011furt yapma tekniklerinin geli\u015ftirildi\u011fini belirtmektedir.
\nYo\u011furt ilk \u00f6nceleri hayvan derisi, ah\u015fap veya toprak kaplarda yap\u0131l\u0131r ve saklan\u0131rd\u0131. Yo\u011furt ah\u015faptan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6zel bir aletle yay\u0131larak tereya\u011f\u0131 elde edilirdi. Yayma s\u0131ras\u0131nda eklenen su ile yo\u011furt s\u0131v\u0131la\u015farak ayran haline getirilirdi.<\/p>\n

Yo\u011furt taze olarak yendi\u011fi, ayran yap\u0131larak i\u00e7ildi\u011fi gibi kurutularak az bulunan mevsimlerde de yenmekteydi. \u201cKurut\u201d ad\u0131 verilen bu \u00fcr\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de Orta Asya \u00fclkelerinde yayg\u0131n olarak t\u00fcketilmektedir.<\/p>\n

YO\u011eURT D\u00dcNYAYA YAYILIYOR<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yo\u011furdun d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lmas\u0131, Orta Asya\u2019daki g\u00f6\u00e7ebe toplumlar\u0131n bat\u0131 ve g\u00fcneye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeleriyle beraber ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gittikleri yerlerde iklim ve \u00e7evre ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131 yo\u011furdun ham maddesi s\u00fct \u00fcretiminin artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anadolu topraklar\u0131nda yo\u011furt y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca en temel besin maddelerinden biri olarak \u00f6nemini korumu\u015ftur. Az toprakl\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7i aileler bir inek veya birka\u00e7 koyun veya ke\u00e7i beslerler, bunlardan sa\u011fd\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fct\u00fc daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yo\u011furtla (dam\u0131zl\u0131k) hemen yo\u011furda \u00e7evirirlerdi. Yo\u011furt bir taraftan g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak yenir, kalan\u0131 birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn biriktirilerek tuluklarda yay\u0131l\u0131p tereya\u011f\u0131 elde edilirdi. Kalan ya\u011fs\u0131z ayran biraz tuzla kaynat\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fclerek “ke\u015f” elde edilirdi. Ke\u015f, k\u00fcplerde sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kurutularak k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda yenirdi. Yo\u011furt un veya yarma ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak tarhana yap\u0131m\u0131nda da kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011fda ba\u015fta Karadeniz \u00e7evresi olmak \u00fczere Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde yo\u011furt \u00f6nemli bir besin olarak kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Yeni\u00e7a\u011fda mikrobiyoloji biliminin geli\u015fmesiyle s\u00fct\u00fcn ek\u015fimesine neden olan mikroorganizmalar tan\u0131nmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00fct\u00fcn mayalanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda laktik asit olu\u015ftu\u011fundan yo\u011furttaki mikroorganizmalar \u201claktik asit bakterileri\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00fct\u00fcn mayaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda yo\u011funluk kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Frans\u0131z bilim insan\u0131 L. Pasteur s\u00fct\u00fcn mayaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda bakterilerin rol\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pasteur\u2019in, \u201cpast\u00f6rizasyon\u201d bulu\u015fuyla birlikte s\u00fct\u00fcn i\u00e7inde 60\u201370\u00b0C\u2019de \u0131s\u0131tma ile yok edilebilen bakteriler yan\u0131nda bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u00f6lmeyen yararl\u0131 bakterilerin de bulundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bunlar yo\u011furt mayas\u0131 olarak \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rus bilim insan\u0131, Paris Pasteur Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Metchnikof\u00a0 Kafkasya\u2019daki g\u00f6zlemleri ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 deneylere dayanarak yo\u011furttaki bu bakterilerin sindirim sistemine yararl\u0131 etki yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Bu bilgi, ba\u015fta Fransa, Bel\u00e7ika ve \u0130skandinav \u00fclkeleri olmak \u00fczere Avrupa ve Amerika\u2019da yo\u011furt mayas\u0131 \u00fcreten laboratuvarlar\u0131n kurulmas\u0131na ve yo\u011furt yap\u0131m end\u00fcstrisinin geli\u015fip t\u00fcketimin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. So\u011futma teknolojisinin geli\u015fmesiyle, \u00fcretilen yo\u011furt mayas\u0131n\u0131n dondurularak saklanmas\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 kolayla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ticari yo\u011furt \u00fcretiminde genelde haz\u0131r yo\u011furt mayas\u0131 (laktik asit k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc) kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

YO\u011eURT ARTIK ULUSLARARASI\u00a0 T\u0130CARET\u0130N B\u0130R \u00dcR\u00dcN\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda yo\u011furtla ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar daha da yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan elde edilen bulgular, yo\u011furtta bulunan bakterilerin baz\u0131 tiplerinin midenin asitli ortam\u0131nda tahrip oldu\u011funu, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ise canl\u0131 olarak ba\u011f\u0131rsaklara ge\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Mideyi canl\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7ip ba\u011f\u0131rsaklarda yararl\u0131 etki g\u00f6steren bu bakterilere \u201cprobiyotikler\u201d denilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Avrupa ve Amerika\u2019da bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yararl\u0131 bakterilerden de maya \u00fcretilmesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda tek bir bakteri k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc yerine birden \u00e7ok bakteriyle haz\u0131rlanan maya ile \u00fcretilen yo\u011furdun daha yararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fczerinde durulmaktad\u0131r. Geleneksel ev teknolojisiyle \u00fcretilen yo\u011furdun i\u00e7inde birden \u00e7ok bakteri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Mikrobiyoloji biliminin geli\u015fimiyle s\u00fct\u00fcn mayalanmas\u0131nda rol alan mikroorganizmalar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrklerin yo\u011furt yap\u0131m\u0131nda kulland\u0131klar\u0131 dam\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n (bir k\u0131s\u0131m eski yo\u011furt) yerini laboratuvarlarda \u00fcretilen laktik asit bakteri k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc alm\u0131\u015f ve ticari yo\u011furt \u00fcretimine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Yo\u011furtta bulunan bakterilerin ishalli hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nledi\u011finin ve iyile\u015ftirdi\u011finin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131yla, ba\u015fta Avrupa olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada yo\u011furt \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketimi yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda, yo\u011furdun ishalli hastal\u0131klar yan\u0131nda, kalp-damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak kanserinden korunmada da yararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla ortaya konmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde uluslararas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 damak tatlar\u0131na cevap verecek t\u00fcrde yo\u011furt \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmakta ve t\u00fcketimi her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece T\u00fcrklerin icad\u0131 yo\u011furt k\u00fcreselle\u015fen bir besin olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong>
\nBaysal A., Beslenme K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz, K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131
\nBaysal A., Yo\u011furt: K\u00fcreselle\u015fen T\u00fcrk Besini
\nAnnon Tetra Pak Magazine No:71 Bakteria<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yo\u011furt M\u00fczesi 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Yalova\u2019ya ilk geldi\u011fimde o\u011flum Kocaeli\u2019nde k\u0131sa d\u00f6nem askerdi O\u011flum Kumandan\u0131na benim Yalova\u2019ya yerle\u015fti\u011fimi ,onu g\u00f6rmeye gidece\u011fimi s\u00f6ylemi\u015f Kumandan\u0131 da \u201c annenden bana TURNALAR yo\u011furdu getirmesini rica edece\u011fim\u201d demi\u015f. Daha yeni gelmi\u015fim o\u011flumu g\u00f6rmeye gidece\u011fim kumandan benden yo\u011furt istiyor. Bu g\u00fcn bu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f bana bu an\u0131m\u0131n ,g\u00f6rerek duyarak ne kadar k\u0131ymetli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":989142,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1395,1388,1696],"tags":[3999,4000,4001,4002,4003,4004],"class_list":["post-53092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukuk","category-kultur","category-yerel-haber","tag-dunyada-ikinci-muze","tag-turnalar","tag-turnalar-yogurt-muzesi","tag-ve-de-yalovada","tag-yogurt-artik-uluslararasi-ticaretin-bir-urunu","tag-yogurt-dunyaya-yayiliyor"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53092"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53092\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/989142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}