{"id":50858,"date":"2024-02-17T19:41:57","date_gmt":"2024-02-17T16:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/?p=50858"},"modified":"2024-02-17T19:41:57","modified_gmt":"2024-02-17T16:41:57","slug":"kocasinin-olumunden-sonra-kayinbiraderiyle-evlendirilen-yengeler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/imgazete\/kocasinin-olumunden-sonra-kayinbiraderiyle-evlendirilen-yengeler\/","title":{"rendered":"Kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Sonra Kay\u0131nbiraderiyle Evlendirilen Yengeler"},"content":{"rendered":"

B.Kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Sonra Kay\u0131nbiraderiyle Evlendirilen Yengeler<\/strong><\/p>\n

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A\u011f\u0131tlar, \u201cinsano\u011flunun \u00f6l\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda veya canl\u0131 cans\u0131z bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetme, korku, tela\u015f ve heyecan an\u0131ndaki \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fclerini, feryatlar\u0131n\u0131, isyanlar\u0131n\u0131, talihsizliklerini d\u00fczenli-d\u00fczensiz s\u00f6z ve ezgilerle ifade eden t\u00fcrk\u00fcler\u201ddir (El\u00e7in 290). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla genellikle kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6ylenen a\u011f\u0131tlar, kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden<\/div>\n
sonra levirat gelene\u011fi uygulanarak kay\u0131nb iraderiyle istemeden evlendirilen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n duygular\u0131n\u0131 da yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
A\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131n halk masallar\u0131 ve halk hik\u00e2yelerinden fark\u0131 ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fidir. Ba\u015fg\u00f6z a\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fi hakk\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemektedir: \u201c[k]ad\u0131n a\u011f\u0131tlarda \u00f6len kocan\u0131n, karde\u015fin, bac\u0131n\u0131n cesedine bakarken, ba\u015fka halk edebiyat\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinde g\u00f6rmedi\u011fimiz, zor izah edilir bir ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ilik sergiliyor. Bu korkun\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00fcm sahnelerini<\/div>\n
anlat\u0131rken kad\u0131n, o kadar ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i, o kadar objektiftir ki, bu davran\u0131\u015fa ad vermekte g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekersiniz\u201d (\u201cA\u011f\u0131t, Sosyal Tarih ve Etnografya\u201d 25). Ayr\u0131ca Hilal Ayd\u0131n, \u201cAtaerkil Konumdaki Kad\u0131n Konumu A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan A\u011f\u0131t Gelene\u011fine Bir Bak\u0131\u015f\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde a\u011f\u0131tlarda \u00f6l\u00fcm ac\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden erkek egemen toplumun yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlardan s\u00f6z edildi\u011fini ve kad\u0131nlara \u00f6zg\u00fc durumlar\u0131n ortaya koyuldu\u011funu dile getirmektedir (111).Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u011f\u0131tlarda anlat\u0131lan kay\u0131nbirader-yenge ensesti ile birlikte kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ma\u011fduriyetin t\u00fcm\u00fcyle g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/div>\n
\u201cKocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine \u00e7ocuk ya\u015ftaki kayn\u0131na varmas\u0131 i\u00e7in zorlanan gelinin yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcrk\u00fc\u201d olarak nitelendirilen K\u0131r\u015fehir y\u00f6resine ait bir a\u011f\u0131tta gelinin bu evlili\u011fi neden istemedi\u011fi anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r:<\/div>\n
Evimizin \u00f6n\u00fc guyunun ba\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/div>\n
Ba\u015f\u0131ma de\u011fdi de s\u00fcvenin da\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/div>\n
Bana gelin gayn\u0131na var dirler<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Benim gayn\u0131m<\/strong><\/div>\n
Selif\u201fimin yolda\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/div>\n
Ba\u011f\u0131na vard\u0131m da e\u011frilmi\u015f dallar<\/strong><\/div>\n
Sekiz ay yatm\u0131\u015f da incinmi\u015f kollar<\/strong><\/div>\n
Bana gelin gel gayn\u0131na var dirler<\/strong><\/div>\n
Gayn\u0131m da o\u011flumun arkada\u015f\u0131 (T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinde A\u011f\u0131tlar 96)<\/strong><\/div>\n
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G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi gelin, yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131tta kay\u0131nbiraderinin e\u015finin yolda\u015f\u0131, o\u011flunun arkada\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemektedir. Ensestin kapsam\u0131, ki\u015finin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki ki\u015fiye hangi akrabal\u0131k terimiyle hitap etti\u011fiyle ili\u015fkilidir. Her ne kadar kay\u0131nbirader ile gelinin evlili\u011fi levirat gelene\u011fi ile me\u015fruiyet kazansa da gelin e\u015finin yolda\u015f\u0131, o\u011flunun arkada\u015f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kay\u0131nbiraderiyle yapaca\u011f\u0131 evlili\u011fi ensest olarak g\u00f6rmektedir.<\/div>\n
Kuyu ile g\u00f6l\u00fcn ko\u015fut simgeler (birbirlerinin yerine kullan\u0131lan s\u00f6zc\u00fckler) oldu\u011funu belirten Karaba\u015f, bunlar\u0131n budun bilgisinde kad\u0131n ve erke\u011fin cinsel yan\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fini dile getirir (173). \u201cEvimizin \u00f6n\u00fc guyunun ba\u015f\u0131\u201d ifadesi ensest bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m uyand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Kad\u0131n\u0131n, evimiz diyerek \u201cbiz\u201dden s\u00f6z etti\u011fi o\u011flu ve kendisidir. Evin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn de evin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ya da eve yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse kad\u0131n\u0131n, evlendirilece\u011fi kay\u0131nbiraderiyle aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir yak\u0131nl\u0131k oldu\u011fu da g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Bununla birlikte kad\u0131n, ikinci dizede ba\u011f ve bah\u00e7e \u00e7itlerinde kullan\u0131lan ve s\u00fcven ad\u0131 verilen uzun kaz\u0131klar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131na ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fdi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek evin belirlenmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6ylemi\u015f olur. \u0130kinci d\u00f6rtl\u00fckte olumsuz \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar yapan \u201ce\u011filmek\u201d ve \u201cincinmek\u201d fiilleri de ensestin ya da levirat gelene\u011finin olumsuzland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini peki\u015ftirmektedir. B\u00f6ylelikle bu dizelerde olumsuz ensest imaj\u0131, yak\u0131nl\u0131k ba\u011flam\u0131nda simgele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
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\u201cGelinin Binba\u015f\u0131ya S\u00f6yledi\u011fi A\u011f\u0131t\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131tta yer alan dizelerde gelinin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmasa da a\u011f\u0131d\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelinin hik\u00e2yesi k\u0131saca anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kozan\u201f\u0131n \u00c7ukur\u00f6ren k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015fayan d\u00f6rt karde\u015ften en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131l\u0131 soylu bir k\u0131zla evlendikten sonra askere \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131r. Kanal<\/div>\n
Sava\u015f\u0131\u201fnda \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra dul kalan kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, ikinci karde\u015fiyle evlendirirler. Bu karde\u015f askere al\u0131n\u0131r ve \u015fehit olur. Ard\u0131ndan gelini, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc karde\u015f H\u00f6r\u00fc Mehmet\u201fle evlendirirler, ancak o da askere gidip \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015fer. Son olarak d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc karde\u015fle evlenen gelin, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u201fn\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 \u00fczerine binba\u015f\u0131ya gider ve \u00fc\u00e7 e\u015fini de askerlikte yitirdi\u011fini anlat\u0131p son e\u015fi Murat\u201f\u0131 da kaybetmek istemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in onun askere al\u0131nmamas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Binba\u015f\u0131 da gelinin iste\u011fini kabul eder (T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinde A\u011f\u0131tlar14).<\/div>\n
\u201cGelinin Binba\u015f\u0131ya S\u00f6yledi\u011fi A\u011f\u0131t\u201dta daha \u00e7ok gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta askerli\u011fe giden gen\u00e7lere yaz\u0131k edildi\u011finden s\u00f6z edilir. \u201cBiri Kanal\u201fda vuruldu\u201d (15) ve \u201cH\u00f6r\u00fc Mehmed\u201fin mezar\u0131n \/ U\u015faklar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f Mardin\u201fde\u201d (16) dizeleri ile gelinin \u00f6nceki iki e\u015finden s\u00f6z etti\u011fi de g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ancak gelinin, \u00f6nceki e\u015flerin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine ne<\/div>\n
hissetti\u011fi, ayn\u0131 aileden d\u00f6rt karde\u015fle evlendirilmesini nas\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Bu a\u011f\u0131ttaki ana tema, gelinin son e\u015finin de askere gidip \u015fehit olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemeyi\u015fidir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu a\u011f\u0131tta, kad\u0131n\u0131n levirat gelene\u011finin uygulanmas\u0131 sonucu kay\u0131nbiraderleri ile ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 evliliklerden \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc duymaktan ziyade sonuncu e\u015finin de olas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle yaln\u0131z ve korunmaya muhta\u00e7 kalaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle hareket etmesi, kad\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal konumunu g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir noktad\u0131r.
\nKarde\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle birlikte levirat gelene\u011fine g\u00f6re yengesiyle evlendirilmek istenen kay\u0131nbiraderin duygular\u0131 \u201cBeni Ta\u015flara Vurun\u201d t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u015fu \u015fekilde yans\u0131maktad\u0131r:<\/div>\n
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Bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in mi verdin bu bedeni<\/strong><\/div>\n
Bu vicdan m\u0131 insanl\u0131k m\u0131 t\u00f6re mi<\/strong><\/div>\n
Ne zal\u0131m adetimiz varm\u0131\u015f Yarabbi<\/strong><\/div>\n
Miras kavlettiler biye yengemi<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00d6lmem mi beni da\u015flara vurun<\/strong><\/div>\n
Tabuda kan\u0131m s\u00fcr\u00fcn<\/strong><\/div>\n
Ayn\u0131 tabut i\u00e7inde<\/strong><\/div>\n
Karda\u015f\u0131ma g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcn<\/strong><\/div>\n
Fark eder mi ha yengemmi\u015f ha bac\u0131m<\/strong><\/div>\n
Yata\u011f\u0131yda nas\u0131l yat\u0131m karda\u015f\u0131m<\/strong><\/div>\n
Ben kimin bi behti kara var m\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong><\/div>\n
T\u00f6reymi\u015f yengemi alacahm\u0131\u015fam<\/strong><\/div>\n
[…]<\/strong><\/div>\n
Bu cemaat e\u015fim dostum getmesin<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u0130mam burda babam \u015fahitlik etmesin<\/strong><\/div>\n
Bac\u0131m dedi\u011fim yengem<\/strong>in yerine<\/strong><\/div>\n
Nikah\u0131m mezar da\u015f\u0131na k\u0131y\u0131ls\u0131n (T\u00fcrk\u00fclerimiz ve Hik\u00e2yeleri287)<\/strong><\/div>\n
Urfa\u201fda yak\u0131lan bu a\u011f\u0131tta kay\u0131nbirader, yengesiyle evlenmektense \u00f6l\u00fcp karde\u015fiyle birlikte g\u00f6m\u00fclmeyi tercih etti\u011fini dile getirmektedir. Kay\u0131nbirader, \u201cFark eder mi ha yengem ha bac\u0131m\u201d diyerek yengesini k\u0131z karde\u015fi olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylemesi levirat gelene\u011fiyle me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bu evlili\u011fi, onun ensest olarak nitelendirdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/div>\n
\u201cBeni Ta\u015flara Vurun\u201d anlat\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fcrk\u00fc olarak nitelendirilse de bir \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan s\u00f6ylenmesi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u011f\u0131tt\u0131r. Genel olarak kad\u0131nlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131t yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinse de \u201cBeni Ta\u015flara Vurun\u201d a\u011f\u0131d\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi erkeklerin de a\u011f\u0131t yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Erke\u011fin, ensest olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek bir evlilik yapmak istemedi\u011fini dile getiri\u015fi, a\u011f\u0131tlardaki kay\u0131nbirader-yenge ensestinin hem kad\u0131n\u0131 hem de erke\u011fi ma\u011fdur etmesi noktas\u0131nda \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Her ne kadar levirat gelene\u011finde ortada bir ensest ili\u015fki olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclse de kay\u0131nbirader ya da yengenin birbirine nas\u0131l yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, birbirine nas\u0131l hitap etti\u011fi ili\u015fkinin boyutunu de\u011fi\u015ftirecektir.
\nBu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6rnek verilen a\u011f\u0131tlara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kad\u0131n\u0131n ma\u011fdur konumda oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7mayacakt\u0131r. Kad\u0131n duygular\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri sorulmadan, kocas\u0131n\u0131n yas\u0131n\u0131 tutamadan kay\u0131nbiraderiyle evlendirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kad\u0131n, hem kocas\u0131n\u0131n yoklu\u011funda korunmas\u0131z ve yaln\u0131z kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, hem de korunmas\u0131z ve yaln\u0131z kalmas\u0131n diye istemedi\u011fi bir evlili\u011fe zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ma\u011fdurdur. Bu noktada daha \u00e7ok kad\u0131nlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131t yakmas\u0131, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ma\u011fduriyeti ile ili\u015fkilendirilmelidir. A\u011f\u0131t, kad\u0131n\u0131n sesini duyurabilece\u011fi, ma\u011fduriyetini anlatabilece\u011fi ve belki de b\u00f6ylece rahatlayabilece\u011fi \u00f6nemli bir t\u00fcrd\u00fcr. \u00d6yle ki \u00d6zdemir \u201cNormal zamanlarda s\u00f6ylenmeyecek, ay\u0131p say\u0131lan, sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k olarak yorumlanan s\u00f6zler bile<\/div>\n
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a\u011f\u0131tlarda dile getirilir. O zaman a\u011f\u0131t\u00e7\u0131 da, dinleyenler de i\u00e7ini bo\u015faltm\u0131\u015f, bir iyice \u00f6fkesini alm\u0131\u015f olur\u201d demektedir (Folklor\/ Edebiyat 103).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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C. Eni\u015ftesine G\u00f6z Koyan Bald\u0131zlar<\/strong> bundan sonraki yaz\u0131m\u0131z.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B.Kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Sonra Kay\u0131nbiraderiyle Evlendirilen Yengeler A\u011f\u0131tlar, \u201cinsano\u011flunun \u00f6l\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda veya canl\u0131 cans\u0131z bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetme, korku, tela\u015f ve heyecan an\u0131ndaki \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fclerini, feryatlar\u0131n\u0131, isyanlar\u0131n\u0131, talihsizliklerini d\u00fczenli-d\u00fczensiz s\u00f6z ve ezgilerle ifade eden t\u00fcrk\u00fcler\u201ddir (El\u00e7in 290). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla genellikle kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6ylenen a\u011f\u0131tlar, kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra levirat gelene\u011fi uygulanarak kay\u0131nb iraderiyle istemeden evlendirilen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n duygular\u0131n\u0131 da yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":50860,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2234,2932,2930,2931],"class_list":["post-50858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-imgazete","tag-agit","tag-kayinbirader-yenge-ensesti","tag-kocasinin-olumunden-sonra-kayinbiraderiyle-evlendirilen-yengeler","tag-sosyal-tarih-ve-etnografya"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50858"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50858\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}