{"id":50622,"date":"2024-02-03T19:04:48","date_gmt":"2024-02-03T16:04:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/?p=50622"},"modified":"2024-02-18T21:42:35","modified_gmt":"2024-02-18T18:42:35","slug":"neandertaller-modern-insanlardan-408-000-yil-once-ayrilmis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/arkeoloji\/neandertaller-modern-insanlardan-408-000-yil-once-ayrilmis\/","title":{"rendered":"Neandertaller Modern \u0130nsanlardan 408.000 Y\u0131l \u00d6nce Ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, Homo sapiens\u2019e giden soyun Neandertallerden yaln\u0131zca 408.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-66808\" src=\"https:\/\/arkeofili.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/splitbetw1.jpeg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arkeofili.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/splitbetw1.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/arkeofili.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/splitbetw1-120x80.jpeg 120w, https:\/\/arkeofili.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/splitbetw1-768x515.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/arkeofili.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/splitbetw1-500x335.jpeg 500w\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Dordogne Vadisi\u2019ndeki La Ferrassie kaya s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda bulunan kafatas\u0131na dayanan bir Neandertal adam\u0131n\u0131n rekonstr\u00fcksiyonu, erkek Homo sapiens ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. C: Philippe Plailly ve Atelier Daynes<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Homo sapiens ve Neandertallerin bir zamanlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden daha yak\u0131n akraba oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren daha fazla kan\u0131t var. Yeni bir tahmin, t\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn Neandertallerden yaln\u0131zca 408.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu, \u00f6nceki tahminlere g\u00f6re \u201c\u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha ge\u00e7\u201d bir tarih.<\/p>\n<p>Neandertaller, yakla\u015f\u0131k 40.000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar Avrasya\u2019da ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015f bir hominin t\u00fcr\u00fc. Fosil kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, Homo sapiens ve Neandertaller aras\u0131nda daha k\u0131sa ve daha geni\u015f bir v\u00fccut, daha geni\u015f bir le\u011fen kemi\u011fi ve daha a\u011f\u0131r kemikler gibi baz\u0131 g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr fiziksel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak giderek artan kan\u0131tlar, kal\u0131n ka\u015f kemerli hominin kuzenlerimizden pek de farkl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Neandertaller sanatsal y\u00f6n\u00fc olan, adapte olabilen ve son derece zeki insanlard\u0131. \u00d6len akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6merken b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar, bu da onlar\u0131n duygusal duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve hatta belki de kendi \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini hissedebildiklerini ima ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Neandertaller ve bizim aram\u0131zdaki son ortak atalar\u0131n ne zaman ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 uzun s\u00fcredir tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu ayr\u0131lma an\u0131, iki farkl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn evrimsel yolculuklar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 yollara gitti\u011fi noktay\u0131 i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130statistik\u00e7iler yak\u0131n zamanda her iki t\u00fcr\u00fcn genomunu incelemek ve TMRCA\u2019y\u0131 (En Son Ortak Ataya Kadar Ge\u00e7en S\u00fcre) hesaplamak i\u00e7in BEAST2 adl\u0131 bilgisayar yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131lar. Bulgular, modern insanlarla Neandertaller aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin sadece 408.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor ki bu da \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 derecede ge\u00e7 bir tarih.<\/p>\n<p>Bu son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, son derece matematiksel ve herhangi bir arkeolog veya paleoantropologu do\u011frudan kapsam\u0131yor. Yine de, farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nceden varsay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha sonra meydana geldi\u011fini ima eden di\u011fer yak\u0131n tarihli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla genel olarak ayn\u0131 do\u011frultuda.<\/p>\n<p>Hem fosillerden hem de DNA\u2019dan elde edilen di\u011fer yeni kan\u0131tlar, Neandertal ve modern insan soylar\u0131n\u0131n 500.000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinden 650.000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. \u00d6nceki tahminler, farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n 800.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce meydana gelmi\u015f olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ne zaman meydana gelmi\u015f olursa olsun, Neandertaller bizden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 de\u011fildi. Genetik olarak y\u00fczde 99,7 oran\u0131nda ayn\u0131y\u0131z ve t\u00fcrler aras\u0131nda defalarca \u00e7iftle\u015fmenin meydana geldi\u011fi son derece a\u00e7\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>Neandertallerden gelen genler, genomlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 2\u2019sini Neandertal atalar\u0131ndan alan Avrupa k\u00f6kenli insanlarda \u00f6zellikle yayg\u0131n. Bu genler, insanlar\u0131n burunlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden viral enfeksiyonlara kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na kadar bug\u00fcn hala insan pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 etkiliyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, Homo sapiens\u2019e giden soyun Neandertallerden yaln\u0131zca 408.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Dordogne Vadisi\u2019ndeki La Ferrassie kaya s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda bulunan kafatas\u0131na dayanan bir Neandertal adam\u0131n\u0131n rekonstr\u00fcksiyonu, erkek Homo sapiens ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. C: Philippe Plailly ve Atelier Daynes Homo sapiens ve Neandertallerin bir zamanlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden daha yak\u0131n akraba oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren daha fazla [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":50624,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3711],"tags":[2583,2582,2530,2580,2581],"class_list":["post-50622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arkeoloji","tag-avrasya","tag-hominin-kuzenlerimiz","tag-homo-sapiens","tag-neandertal","tag-ortak-ata"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50622"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50622\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50624"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50622"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imgazete.tr\/yalova-cinarcik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}